"Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic and microscopic phenomena in chemical systems in terms of the principles, practices, and concepts of physics such as motion, energy, force, time, thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, analytical dynamics and chemical equilibria."
The study of the fundamental physical principles that govern chemical systems, including thermodynamics and quantum mechanics.
Thermodynamics: The study of heat, energy transfer, and the relationships between work, internal energy, and enthalpy.
Chemical Kinetics: The study of reaction rates, the factors that affect them, and how they can be measured.
Quantum Mechanics: The study of how particles and waves interact, and how they can be described mathematically.
Spectroscopy: The study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter, and how it can be used to identify chemical compounds.
Statistical Mechanics: The study of the behavior of large systems of particles, and the relationships between their macroscopic properties and the properties of their individual particles.
Electrochemistry: The study of the relationship between electrical energy and chemical reactions, and how electricity can be used to drive chemical reactions and vice versa.
Surface Chemistry: The study of chemical reactions that occur at surfaces and interfaces, and how they differ from reactions that occur in bulk materials.
Molecular Dynamics: The study of the motion of molecules in a system, and how their movement affects the system as a whole.
Nuclear Chemistry: The study of the behavior of atomic nuclei, including nuclear reactions, radioactive decay, and the production and use of radioactive isotopes.
Materials Science: The study of the properties and behavior of materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites.
"The majority of the principles on which physical chemistry was founded relate to the bulk rather than the molecular or atomic structure alone."
"Intermolecular forces act upon the physical properties of materials such as plasticity, tensile strength, and surface tension in liquids."
"Physical chemistry studies the effects of reaction kinetics on the rate of a reaction."
"Physical chemistry explores the identity of ions and its relationship to the electrical conductivity of materials."
"Physical chemistry is predominantly a supra-molecular science, with a focus on the bulk rather than the molecular or atomic structure alone."
"Physical chemistry involves studying surface science and electrochemistry, particularly related to cell membranes."
"Physical chemistry studies the interaction of one body with another in terms of quantities of heat and work called thermodynamics."
"Physical chemistry explores thermochemistry, which involves the transfer of heat between a chemical system and its surroundings during a change of phase or chemical reaction."
"Physical chemistry involves studying the colligative properties of the number of species present in a solution."
"The phase rule allows for correlation between the number of phases, number of components, and degree of freedom in a system."
"Physical chemistry studies the reactions of electrochemical cells."
"Physical chemistry applies quantum mechanics to study the behavior of microscopic systems."
"Physical chemistry utilizes statistical thermodynamics to study the behavior of macroscopic systems."
"Physical chemistry involves the calculation of the energy of electron movement in metal complexes."
"Physical chemistry studies chemical systems in terms of the principles, practices, and concepts of physics."
"Chemical equilibrium is an important principle studied in physical chemistry."
"Physical chemistry is predominantly a supra-molecular science, while chemical physics focuses on molecular or atomic structure alone."
"Physical chemistry focuses on the bulk properties of materials, such as plasticity, tensile strength, and surface tension in liquids."
"The main concepts of physical chemistry include motion, energy, force, time, thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, analytical dynamics, and chemical equilibria."