"Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that is used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions."
A technique to identify and quantify molecules based on their mass-to-charge ratio.
Introduction to Mass Spectrometry: An overview of what Mass Spectrometry is and how it works. The goal is to understand the basic concepts and principles.
Types of Mass Spectrometry: There are different types of Mass Spectrometry, each with its purposes and uses. The goal is to understand the various types and their applications.
Ionization Techniques: The ionization technique used in Mass Spectrometry plays an essential role in the analysis. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the different methods available and how each works.
Mass Analyzer: The mass analyzer in Mass Spectrometry determines the mass-to-charge ratio of the ions produced. There are different kinds of mass analyzers, and understanding them is of utmost importance.
Detection: Mass Spectrometry produces ions, which are detected and analyzed to provide results. Therefore, understanding the different detection techniques available and how each works is essential.
Accuracy, Precision, and Sensitivity: Understanding the concepts of accuracy, precision, and sensitivity is vital, as they directly impact the quality of results obtained from Mass Spectrometry.
Data Processing: Mass Spectrometry produces large amounts of data, which needs to be processed properly. Understanding the various methods of data processing can impact the quality of results obtained.
Applications of Mass Spectrometry: Mass Spectrometry finds applications in many areas, such as forensic science, drug discovery, proteomics, and metabolomics. Understanding the diverse applications of Mass Spectrometry is crucial.
Sample Preparation: Before the Mass Spectrometry analysis, the sample needs to be prepared. This involves various steps such as extraction, purification, and derivatization. Understanding the sample preparation process is crucial.
Quantification: Mass Spectrometry can be used to perform quantitative analysis. Understanding the various methods of quantification is crucial to obtain accurate and reliable results.
Interpretation of Mass Spectra: Mass Spectra provides ample information that needs to be interpreted to obtain meaningful results. Understanding the interpretation of Mass Spectra is crucial.
Troubleshooting: Mass Spectrometry is a complex analytical technique that requires problem-solving skills. Understanding and troubleshooting problems can help in obtaining reliable results.
Electron Ionization Mass Spectrometry (EI-MS): A type of mass spectrometry that involves bombarding a sample with high-energy electrons to generate charged ions.
Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (CI-MS): A type of mass spectrometry in which ions are formed by chemical reactions instead of electron ionization.
Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS): A type of mass spectrometry that uses a high-voltage electric field to create ions by solvent evaporation.
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS): A type of mass spectrometry that involves vaporizing a sample with a laser and collecting the resulting ions on a detector.
Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (TOF-MS): A type of mass spectrometry that determines the mass-to-charge ratio of ions by measuring the time they take to reach a detector.
Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (QMS): A type of mass spectrometry that uses four parallel rods to filter ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio.
Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS): A type of mass spectrometry that uses a magnetic field to trap and measure ions.
Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS): A type of mass spectrometry that uses an electric field to separate ions based on their shape and size.
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS): A type of mass spectrometry that combines gas chromatography with mass spectrometry to identify the chemical components of a sample.
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS): A type of mass spectrometry that combines liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry to separate and identify compounds in a sample.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): A type of mass spectrometry that uses an inductively coupled plasma to vaporize a sample and ionize its atoms.
Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (SELDI-MS): A type of mass spectrometry in which ions are generated by irradiating a surface coated with a material that enhances ionization.
"The results are presented as a mass spectrum, a plot of intensity as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio."
"These spectra are used to determine the elemental or isotopic signature of a sample, the masses of particles and of molecules, and to elucidate the chemical identity or structure of molecules and other chemical compounds."
"A mass spectrum is a type of plot of the ion signal as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio."
"A sample, which may be solid, liquid, or gaseous..."
"A sample is ionized, for example by bombarding it with a beam of electrons."
"This may cause some of the sample's molecules to break up into positively charged fragments or simply become positively charged without fragmenting."
"These ions (fragments) are then separated according to their mass-to-charge ratio, for example by accelerating them and subjecting them to an electric or magnetic field."
"The ions are detected by a mechanism capable of detecting charged particles, such as an electron multiplier."
"Results are displayed as spectra of the signal intensity of detected ions as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio."
"The atoms or molecules in the sample can be identified by correlating known masses (e.g. an entire molecule) to the identified masses..."
"The atoms or molecules in the sample can be identified [...] through a characteristic fragmentation pattern."
"a plot of intensity as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio"
"Mass spectrometry is used in many different fields..."
"...applied to pure samples as well as complex mixtures."
"Ions of the same mass-to-charge ratio will undergo the same amount of deflection."
"...subjecting them to an electric or magnetic field."
"The masses of particles and of molecules..."
"to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions."
"charged particles, such as an electron multiplier."