"Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change."
The study of the interconversion of chemical and electrical energy.
Redox reactions: The transfer of electrons between chemical species, often involving the gain or loss of oxygen molecules or hydrogen ions.
Galvanic cells: Electrochemical cells that produce electricity by harnessing the energy of redox reactions.
Electrolytic cells: Electrochemical cells that use an electrical current to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction.
Electrochemical potential: A measure of the tendency for a chemical species to undergo redox reactions.
Standard electrode potentials: Reference values for the electrochemical potential of a half-cell in a redox reaction.
Nernst equation: A mathematical equation used to calculate the electrochemical potential of a half-cell under non-standard conditions.
Electrochemical series: A table that lists the standard electrode potentials of different half-cells, which can be used to predict the outcome of redox reactions.
Faraday's laws of electrolysis: Principles governing the amount of chemical change that occurs during an electrolytic reaction.
Electroanalytical techniques: Methods used to analyze the properties of solution-phase electrochemical systems, such as voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy.
Bioelectrochemistry: The study of electrochemical phenomena in biological systems, including electron transfer in enzymatic reactions and the electrochemical properties of biological membranes.
Potentiometry: This electrochemical technique measures the potential difference between two electrodes and is used to determine the concentration of a chemical species in solution.
Amperometry: This technique measures the current flowing through an electrode and is used to determine the concentration of a chemical species that undergoes oxidation or reduction at the electrode.
Coulometry: This technique involves the quantitative generation or consumption of a chemical species by electrolysis, and is used to determine the amount of a substance present in a sample.
Voltammetry: This technique involves applying a potential sweep to an electrode and measuring the resulting current. This is used to determine the concentration of a chemical species that undergoes electrochemical reactions at the electrode surface.
Conductometry: This technique measures the conductivity of a solution, which is related to the concentration of ions present in the solution.
Impedance spectroscopy: This technique measures the impedance of a system as a function of frequency, and is used to study the properties of electrochemical systems.
Electrogravimetry: This technique involves the quantitative deposition of a substance on an electrode by electrolysis, and is used to determine the amount of a substance present in a sample.
Polarography: This technique measures the current flow as a function of voltage, and is used to determine the concentration of a chemical species that undergoes reduction or oxidation at the electrode.
Electrochemical sensors: These are devices that use electrochemistry to detect the presence of a particular chemical species in a sample.
Electroanalytical methods for surface analysis: These techniques involve the use of electrochemistry to determine the composition, structure, and properties of surfaces in materials science and other fields.
"These reactions involve electrons moving via an electronically-conducting phase between electrodes separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte."
"Electrons moving via an electronically-conducting phase (typically an external electrical circuit) between electrodes separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte."
"Not necessarily, as in electroless plating."
"In electrochemical reactions, electrons are not transferred directly between atoms, ions, or molecules, but via the aforementioned electronically-conducting circuit."
"When a chemical reaction is driven by an electrical potential difference, it is called electrolysis."
"If a potential difference results from a chemical reaction, as in an electric battery or fuel cell, it is called an electrochemical reaction."
"Electrolytes are ionically conducting and electronically insulating substances that separate the electrodes."
"Electrons moving via an electronically-conducting phase between electrodes separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte."
"The phenomenon of electrons moving via an electronically-conducting circuit distinguishes an electrochemical reaction from a conventional chemical reaction."
"Physical chemistry is concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change."
"Identifiable chemical change is associated with electrical potential difference in electrochemistry."
"No, electrochemical reactions require an electrical potential difference to occur."
"Electrons move via an electronically-conducting phase (typically an external electrical circuit) between electrodes."
"Yes, electrochemical reactions can occur in a solution."
"Electroless plating is an example of an electrochemical reaction that does not necessarily require an external electrical circuit."
"Electrons are not transferred directly between atoms, ions, or molecules in electrochemical reactions."
"Yes, chemical reactions that result in a potential difference can be used to generate electrical energy in electric batteries or fuel cells."
"The electrodes in electrochemical reactions are separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte."
"Electrochemistry explores the relationship between electrical potential difference and chemical change."