"An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs."
The study of computer operating systems such as Windows, Linux, and MacOS.
Introduction to Operating Systems: Understanding the basic concepts of operating systems, their functions, and their significance in the computer world.
Basic Operating System Components: Processor, memory, storage, input/output devices, and other peripheral devices that makes up an OS.
Operating System Services: Understanding the basic services provided by operating systems, such as file management, process control, memory management, device management, and security.
Operating System Kernel: Understanding the core component of an operating system, that manages resources and communication between hardware and software components.
System Calls: Understanding the mechanism that allows user programs to interact with the operating system services.
Process Management: Understanding how operating systems manage processes, how they schedule tasks and allocate resources.
Memory Management: Understanding how operating systems manage memory, such as virtual memory, memory mapping, and paging.
File Management: Understanding how operating systems manage files, their organization, and access permissions.
Device Management: Understanding how operating systems manage devices, including input/output, storage, networking, and other types of hardware.
Security and Protection: Understanding the security issues related to operating systems, such as access control, authentication, encryption, malware, and viruses.
Operating System Architecture: Understanding the different types of operating system architectures, such as monolithic, microkernel, hybrid, and client-server architecture.
Operating System Design Principles: Understanding the principles used in designing operating systems, such as simplicity, modularity, and efficiency.
Types of Operating Systems: Understanding the different types of operating systems, such as real-time, embedded, desktop, and server operating systems.
Operating System Boot Process: Understanding how an operating system boots, loads drivers, and runs system services.
Operating System Maintenance: Understanding how to maintain and upgrade operating systems, including backup, recovery, patching, and system optimization.
Windows OS: Developed by Microsoft, Windows is the most popular OS used by businesses and individuals, offering a wide range of features and compatibility with various software programs.
MacOS: Developed by Apple, MacOS is designed exclusively for Apple's hardware, offering a seamless user experience with enhanced security features.
Linux OS: Linux is an open-source, free-to-use OS that is highly customizable and popular among developers, as it offers a high degree of flexibility and control over the system.
Chrome OS: Developed by Google, Chrome OS is a lightweight, web-based OS that runs on Chromebooks, offering a simple, secure, and affordable solution for business and education.
Unix OS: Unix is a powerful, stable, and scalable OS widely used in large-scale commercial and industrial applications, particularly in server and networking environments.
iOS: Developed by Apple, iOS is a mobile OS exclusively for Apple's smartphones and tablets, offering a smooth, intuitive, and secure user experience with a vast range of apps and ecosystem.
Android OS: Developed by Google, Android is a mobile OS that is widely used by businesses and individuals, offering intuitive and customizable user interfaces and access to millions of apps and services.
Windows Server OS: Designed for the server environment, Windows Server is a powerful OS that offers advanced security, scalability, and manageability features for businesses of all sizes.
IBM Mainframe OS: Used by large organizations and corporations, IBM Mainframe OS is a highly reliable and robust OS designed for handling mission-critical tasks and high-volume processing.
Solaris OS: Developed by Oracle, Solaris is a Unix-based OS that is widely used in enterprise applications, particularly in high-performance computing and virtualization.
"Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, peripherals, and other resources."
"For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware."
"Operating systems are found on many devices that contain a computer – from cellular phones and video game consoles to web servers and supercomputers."
"In the personal computer market, Microsoft Windows holds a dominant market share of around 75%."
"macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place with a market share of 15%."
"The varieties of Linux are collectively in third place with a market share of 3%."
"In the mobile sector (including smartphones and tablets), Android's share is 70.82% in the year 2020."
"According to third quarter 2016 data, Android's share on smartphones is dominant with 87.5 percent."
"Apple's iOS has a market share of 12.1 percent on smartphones."
"While other operating systems amount to just 0.3 percent."
"Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors."
"Yes, other specialized classes of operating systems (special-purpose operating systems), such as embedded and real-time systems, exist for many applications."
"Yes, security-focused operating systems also exist."
"Some operating systems have low system requirements (e.g. light-weight Linux distribution). Others may have higher system requirements."
"Some operating systems require installation or may come pre-installed with purchased computers (OEM-installation), whereas others may run directly from media (i.e. live CD) or flash memory (i.e. USB stick)."
"An operating system (OS)... provides common services for computer programs."
"Time-sharing operating systems... may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, peripherals, and other resources."
"For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware."
"Operating systems are found on many devices that contain a computer – from cellular phones and video game consoles to web servers and supercomputers."