- "Southeast Asia is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainland China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and north-west of mainland Australia which is part of Oceania."
Study of the production, consumption, and distribution of goods and services in Southeast Asia's economy.
Microeconomics: This branch of economics focuses on the behavior of individuals and firms in markets and how they make decisions about pricing and output.
Macroeconomics: Macroeconomics is concerned with the behavior of the economy as a whole, including topics such as inflation, unemployment, and economic growth.
International trade: This field examines the exchange of goods and services between countries and the effects of trade on economic growth, employment, and income distribution.
Development economics: Development economics investigates the causes and consequences of economic development, and how policies and institutions can promote growth and reduce poverty in developing countries.
Financial economics: This branch of economics deals with the behavior of financial markets and institutions, including topics such as asset pricing, risk management, and financial regulation.
Public economics: Public economics is concerned with the role of the government in the economy, including taxation and government spending policies.
Behavioral economics: Behavioral economics studies how individuals make decisions that are influenced by psychological, social, and cognitive factors, rather than purely rational calculations.
Econometrics: Econometrics uses statistical and mathematical methods to study economic relationships and to develop models to forecast or analyze economic data.
Environmental economics: Environmental economics examines the relationship between the economy and the environment, including issues such as pollution, natural resource management, and climate change.
Southeast Asian economics: This field focuses specifically on the economies of Southeast Asian countries, including their historical development, current challenges and opportunities, and relations with the global economy.
Development Economics: Studies how to improve the economic well-being of people in developing countries such as those in Southeast Asia. It focuses on issues such as poverty, education, health, infrastructure, and the development of markets.
International Economics: Focuses on the interactions between countries in trade, investment, and financial transactions. It examines the impact of international trade and investment on the economies of Southeast Asian countries and how they can increase their participation in the global economy.
Environmental Economics: Studies the economic implications of environmental policies and the impact of economic activities on the environment. This type of economics is relevant in Southeast Asia where environmental issues such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change are prevalent.
Labor Economics: Focuses on the labor market, including employment, wages, and working conditions. It examines the demand for and supply of labor in Southeast Asian countries, analyzes the impact of labor market regulations, and studies the effects of labor migration.
Behavioral Economics: Studies the psychological factors that influence economic decision-making. It examines how people make decisions in Southeast Asia and the factors that influence them.
Agricultural Economics: Focuses on the agricultural sector, including production, distribution, and consumption of agricultural products. It examines the role of agriculture in the economies of Southeast Asian countries and the policies that affect agricultural productivity.
Health Economics: Studies the economics of healthcare, including the production and consumption of health services. It examines the healthcare systems in Southeast Asian countries and the policies that affect the delivery of health services.
Public Economics: Examines the role of the government in the economy. It focuses on issues such as taxes, public spending, and the provision of public goods and services. It is relevant in the context of Southeast Asia where the role of the government in the economy varies from country to country.
Econometrics: Applies statistical methods to analyze economic data. It plays an important role in all areas of economics, including the study of Southeast Asian economies.
Financial Economics: Studies the behavior of financial markets and the financial decisions of individuals and firms. It examines issues such as investment, risk, and the regulation of financial markets in Southeast Asia.
- "Southeast Asia is bordered to the north by East Asia, to the west by South Asia and the Bay of Bengal, to the east by Oceania and the Pacific Ocean, and to the south by Australia and the Indian Ocean."
- "Apart from the British Indian Ocean Territory and two out of 26 atolls of Maldives in South Asia, Maritime Southeast Asia is the only other subregion of Asia that lies partly within the Southern Hemisphere."
- "The Sunda Plate is the main plate of the region, featuring almost all Southeast Asian countries except Myanmar, northern Thailand, northern Laos, northern Vietnam, and northern Luzon of the Philippines."
- "Both seismic belts meet in Indonesia, causing the region to have relatively high occurrences of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, particularly in the Philippines and Indonesia."
- "It covers about 4,500,000 km2 (1,700,000 sq mi), which is 8% of Eurasia and 3% of Earth's total land area. Its total population is more than 675 million, about 8.5% of the world's population."
- "It is the third most populous geographical region in Asia after South Asia and East Asia."
- "Ten countries in the region are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a regional organisation established for economic, political, military, educational, and cultural integration amongst its members."
- "Historically, Southeast Asia was significantly influenced by Indian, Chinese, Muslim, and colonial cultures, which became core components of the region's cultural and political institutions."
- "Most modern Southeast Asian countries were colonized by European powers. European colonization exploited natural resources and labour from the lands they conquered, and attempted to spread European institutions to the region."
- "Several Southeast Asian countries were also briefly occupied by the Japanese Empire during World War II."
- "The aftermath of World War II saw most of the region decolonized."
- "Today, Southeast Asia is predominantly governed by independent states."
- "The region is culturally and ethnically diverse, with hundreds of languages spoken by different ethnic groups."
- "European colonisation exploited natural resources and labour from the lands they conquered."
- "The mountain ranges in Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java, Bali, Lesser Sunda Islands, and Timor are part of the Alpide belt."
- "European colonization [...] attempted to spread European institutions to the region."
- "Both seismic belts meet in Indonesia, causing the region to have relatively high occurrences of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, particularly in the Philippines and Indonesia."
- "It is the third most populous geographical region in Asia after South Asia and East Asia."
- "Southeast Asia is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainland China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and north-west of mainland Australia which is part of Oceania."