"The politics of Russia take place in the framework of the federal semi-presidential republic of Russia."
The study of the political system and governance of Russia, including its institutions and key players.
History of Russia: Understanding the historical evolution of Russian society and politics is key to understanding modern Russian politics. Topics to consider include the reign of Ivan the Terrible, the Romanov Empire, the October Revolution, and the Soviet Union.
Political Institutions: This topic explores the structure of the Russian government, including the presidency, parliament, judiciary, and other key government bodies.
Political Parties: Russian politics is characterized by a multi-party system. This section focuses on the key political parties in the country, including United Russia, Communists, and Liberal Democrats.
Political Economy: The economy is an important topic to understand when exploring Russian politics. This section explores the country's transition to a market economy, the role of the state in the economy, and the impact of oil and gas on the economy.
Regional Politics: With its vast expanse, Russia is home to many regions that have unique cultural, social, and political characteristics. This section explores the political landscape in key regions such as the Caucasus, Siberia, and Central Asia.
Foreign Policy: Understanding Russia's foreign policy is important for understanding the country's role in global politics. Topics to consider include relations with China, the United States, the European Union, and other key players in the international arena.
Nationalism: Nationalism has been on the rise in Russia since the collapse of the Soviet Union. This topic explores the role of nationalism in Russian politics, including the rise of right-wing movements and the secessionist movements.
Media and Communication: The media plays an important role in shaping public opinion and political discourse in Russia. This section explores the media landscape in the country, including the role of state-controlled media and the emergence of independent media outlets.
Civil Society: The role of civil society in Russian politics has been a key area of study in recent years. This topic explores the emergence of civil society organizations in the country, including NGOs and advocacy groups.
Human Rights: Human rights in Russia have been a topic of concern for many years. This section explores the status of human rights in the country, including freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and human rights violations against political dissidents and other groups.
Soviet politics: This involves the policies, principles, and practices of the Soviet Union, one of the main political systems in Russia before its collapse.
Post-Soviet politics: Refers to the events and strategies of Russia since the fall of the Soviet Union. It includes the transition from a planned to a market-based economy, democratization efforts, and political reforms.
Putinism: The political system developed during Vladimir Putin's presidency in Russia. It is characterized by a strong leader, centralized power, and a focus on national security.
Liberalism: A political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, human rights, and the rule of law. It is a minority political view in Russia.
Nationalism: The political ideology that emphasizes the interests of the nation-state or ethnic group. It is popular in Russia and often includes a strong emphasis on traditional values, strong leadership, and harsh responses to perceived external threats.
Communism: The political ideology that advocates for a classless, communist society, owned and operated by the people, and not the state. It is a minority view in Russia.
Authoritarianism: A political system characterized by strong central authority that restrains political pluralism and individual freedoms. It is a feature of Russian politics, especially in Putinism.
Populism: A political strategy that appeals to the interests of ordinary people and champions their exploitation at the expense of elites. It is popular in Russian politics.
Decentralism: A political system which grants significant power to local, regional, and national governments. It is an approach that exists in Russia, usually concerning regional elections and party development.
"According to the Constitution of Russia, the President of Russia is head of state."
"Executive power is exercised by the government, headed by the Prime Minister, who is appointed by the President with the parliament's approval."
"Legislative power is vested in the two houses of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation."
"The President and the government issue numerous legally binding by-laws."
"Russia has seen serious challenges in its efforts to forge a political system to follow nearly seventy-five years of Soviet governance."
"That conflict reached a climax in September and October 1993."
"A new constitution, creating a strong presidency, was approved by referendum in December 1993."
"With a new constitution and a new parliament representing diverse parties and factions, Russia's political structure subsequently showed signs of stabilization."
"As the transition period extended into the mid-1990s, the power of the national government continued to wane."
"Russia's regions gained political and economic concessions from Moscow."
"With the assent of Russian Federation President Vladimir Putin, reforms to strengthen Federal control were implemented."
"Reforms rolled back regional power gains, including in the 22 Republics."
"Since the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991..."
"President Boris Yeltsin used military force to dissolve the parliament."
"This event marked the end of Russia's first constitutional period."
"A new constitution... was approved by referendum in December 1993."
"The Prime Minister... is appointed by the President with the parliament's approval."
"Russia has a multi-party system."
"The President of Russia is head of state."