"Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary."
The method of communication used by people in a particular region or area, including dialects, accents, and idioms.
Phonetics: It is the study of the sounds used in a language, including pronunciation, sound patterns, and intonation.
Phonology: It is the study of how sounds are used in a particular language, including their patterns and rules.
Morphology: It is the study of how words are constructed in a language, including their stems, prefixes, and suffixes.
Syntax: It is the study of the structure of sentences in a language, including word order and sentence structure.
Semantics: It is the study of meaning in language, including the meanings of words, phrases, and sentences.
Pragmatics: It is the study of how language is used in context, including social and cultural factors that influence language use.
Dialectology: It is the study of regional and social variations in language, including differences in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.
Language Acquisition: It is the study of how children learn language, including the mental processes and strategies involved in language acquisition.
Language Change: It is the study of how languages evolve and change over time, including the role of historical, social, and cultural factors in language change.
Language Typology: It is the study of the common features and patterns found in different languages, including their grammatical structures and sound systems.
Sociolinguistics: It is the study of the relationship between language and society, including how language is used to express social identity, power, and status.
Language Policy: It is the study of the rules and regulations that govern language use in society, including government policies and language planning.
Translation Studies: It is the study of how languages are translated and interpreted, including the cultural and linguistic factors involved in translation.
Computational Linguistics: It is the study of how computers can be used to process and analyze language, including natural language processing and machine translation.
Contrastive Linguistics: It is the study of the similarities and differences between two or more languages, including their grammatical structures, vocabulary, and pronunciation.
English: An Indo-European language widely spoken as a first language in the UK, USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
Spanish: A Romance language spoken by millions of people as the primary language in Spain, Mexico, Central America, and much of South America.
Mandarin Chinese: The official language of China, Taiwan, and Singapore, it is the most widely spoken language in the world.
Arabic: The language of the Quran and the official language of 22 countries across the Middle East and North Africa.
Hindi: The official language of India and spoken by millions of people worldwide, it belongs to the Indo-Aryan family of languages.
Russian: An East Slavic language spoken by millions of people primarily in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine.
French: A Romance language spoken as a first language in France, Canada, Switzerland, and several other countries worldwide.
German: A West Germanic language spoken natively in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Luxembourg.
Japanese: The national language of Japan, it is spoken by millions of people worldwide.
Portuguese: A Romance language spoken by millions of people as the primary language in Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, and several other countries.
Italian: A Romance language spoken natively in Italy, San Marino, and parts of Switzerland, Slovenia, and Croatia.
Korean: The official language of South Korea and spoken by millions of people worldwide.
Dutch: A West Germanic language spoken by 28 million people natively in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Suriname.
Polish: A Slavic language spoken natively in Poland, Belarus, and Ukraine.
Swedish: A North Germanic language spoken natively by 10 million people in Sweden and parts of Finland.
Norwegian: A North Germanic language spoken primarily in Norway and parts of Sweden.
Danish: A North Germanic language spoken natively in Denmark and parts of Greenland.
Finnish: A Finno-Ugric language spoken natively in Finland and parts of Sweden.
Turkish: A language of the Oghuz branch of the Turkic languages, it is spoken by millions of people primarily in Turkey and Cyprus.
Greek: An independent branch of the Indo-European family, it is spoken by millions of people in Greece and Cyprus.
Hungarian: A Uralic language, it is spoken natively in Hungary and parts of Romania, Slovakia, and Serbia.
Czech: A Slavic language spoken by over 10 million people in the Czech Republic.
Slovak: A Slavic language spoken by over 5 million people in Slovakia and the Czech Republic.
Romanian: A Romance language spoken natively in Romania, Moldova, and parts of Ukraine.
Ukrainian: A Slavic language spoken by millions of people in Ukraine and parts of Poland, Slovakia, and Romania.
Bulgarian: A Slavic language spoken by millions of people primarily in Bulgaria.
Croatian: A Slavic language spoken natively in Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro.
Serbian: A Slavic language spoken natively in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro.
Slovenian: A South Slavic language spoken natively in Slovenia.
Lithuanian: The official language of Lithuania, it is spoken by over 3 million people worldwide.
Latvian: A Baltic language spoken natively in Latvia.
Estonian: A Finno-Ugric language spoken natively in Estonia.
Armenian: An Indo-European language spoken primarily in Armenia, Iran, and Georgia.
Georgian: A Kartvelian language spoken natively in Georgia.
Albanian: An Indo-European language spoken by millions of people in Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia.
"It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and written forms."
"The vast majority of human languages have developed writing systems that allow for the recording and preservation of the sounds or signs of language."
"Human language is characterized by its cultural and historical diversity, with significant variations observed between cultures and across time."
"Human languages possess the properties of productivity and displacement, which enable the creation of an infinite number of sentences."
"The use of human language relies on social convention and is acquired through learning."
"Estimates of the number of human languages in the world vary between 5,000 and 7,000."
"In other words, human language is modality-independent, but written or signed language is the way to inscribe or encode the natural human speech or gestures."
"When used as a general concept, 'language' may refer to the cognitive ability to learn and use systems of complex communication."
"The scientific study of language is called linguistics."
"Critical examinations of languages, such as philosophy of language, the relationships between language and thought, how words represent experience, etc., have been debated..."
"Thinkers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) have argued that language originated from emotions."
"Others like Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) have argued that languages originated from rational and logical thought."
"Language is processed in many different locations in the human brain, but especially in Broca's and Wernicke's areas."
"Humans acquire language through social interaction in early childhood, and children generally speak fluently by approximately three years old."
"...language has social uses such as signifying group identity, social stratification, as well as use for social grooming and entertainment."
"Languages evolve and diversify over time, and the history of their evolution can be reconstructed by comparing modern languages..."
"A group of languages that descend from a common ancestor is known as a language family."
"A language that has been demonstrated to not have any living or non-living relationship with another language is called a language isolate."
"Academic consensus holds that between 50% and 90% of languages spoken at the beginning of the 21st century will probably have become extinct by the year 2100."