"Although there has been a large degree of integration between European Union member states, foreign relations is still a largely intergovernmental matter, with the 27 states controlling their own relations to a large degree."
A study of the foreign policies of European states, including the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy, as well as European relations with other regions of the world.
International Relations: Study of interactions between nations including diplomatic, economic, and military relations.
International Law: Study of the legal principles governing relations between countries and international organizations.
International Organizations: Study of International institutions, such as the United Nations, NATO, or the European Union, and their role in foreign policy and security.
Conflict Resolution: Study of techniques, methods, and strategies to resolve conflicts in international relations.
Diplomacy: Study of the art of negotiating between countries and solving problems through diplomatic discussions.
Globalization: Study of the integration of people, countries, and economies around the world.
Human Rights: Study of the fundamental rights and freedoms entitled to every individual, irrespective of their nationality, ethnicity, or religion.
Intelligence: Study of collecting and evaluating information related to foreign policy and security.
Military Strategy and Defense Policy: Study of military tactics, strategies, and policies to ensure national security and defense.
Political Economy: Study of the intersection between politics and economics in international relations.
Terrorism and Counterterrorism: Study of terrorist methods and tactics, as well as ways to prevent and combat them.
Cybersecurity: Study of the protection of computer systems and networks from theft, damage, or unauthorized access.
Energy Security: Study of ensuring the availability and affordable pricing of energy supply to maintain national security and stability.
Transnational Crime: Study of criminal activities, including terrorism, drug trafficking, and human trafficking that span beyond national borders and their impact on international relations.
Environmental Security: Study of the relationship between environmental issues such as climate change, natural disasters, and their impact on foreign policies and security.
Multilateralism: This type of foreign policy emphasizes the importance of working with other countries and international organizations to achieve common goals. It is based on the idea that no single nation can address global challenges alone.
Bilateralism: This type of foreign policy involves establishing relationships between two countries, usually for economic or security reasons.
Neutrality: This type of foreign policy involves not taking sides in conflicts or disputes between other nations. It is often used as a way to avoid being dragged into wars or other disputes.
Soft Power: This type of foreign policy uses persuasion and attraction rather than military force to achieve foreign policy goals. It involves the use of cultural, economic, and other non-military means to influence other countries.
Hard Power: This type of foreign policy involves the use of military force to achieve foreign policy goals. It is often used as a last resort when other diplomatic and economic options have failed.
Economic Diplomacy: This type of foreign policy focuses on building trade and economic relationships with other countries as a means of achieving foreign policy objectives. This can involve negotiating free trade agreements and other economic partnerships.
Humanitarian Diplomacy: This type of foreign policy focuses on addressing humanitarian crises, such as famine, disease outbreaks, and natural disasters. It involves providing aid and resources to affected communities and working with other countries and organizations to address the root causes of these crises.
Cybersecurity: This type of security policy is concerned with protecting digital infrastructure and preventing cyber attacks. It involves the development of policies and technologies to safeguard computer networks, data, and other digital assets.
Nuclear Security: This type of security policy focuses on the prevention of nuclear weapons proliferation and the management of nuclear materials. It involves international cooperation to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and the secure storage and disposal of nuclear materials.
Border Security: This type of security policy focuses on securing borders and managing migration flows. It can involve the use of physical barriers, technology, and personnel to monitor and control access to a country's borders.
"The 27 states control their own relations to a large degree."
"There are at times attempts to speak with one voice, notably on trade and energy matters."
"Notably on trade and energy matters."
"The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy personifies this role."
"Foreign relations is still a largely intergovernmental matter."
"There has been a large degree of integration between European Union member states."
"There are at times attempts to speak with one voice."
"With the Union holding more weight as a single entity."
"Notably on trade and energy matters."
"The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy personifies this role."
"The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy personifies this role."
"The High Representative personifies this role."
"Foreign relations is still a largely intergovernmental matter."
"The 27 states control their own relations to a large degree."
"Notably on trade and energy matters."
"There are at times attempts to speak with one voice, notably on trade and energy matters."
"With the Union holding more weight as a single entity."
"The Union holding more weight as a single entity, there are at times attempts to speak with one voice."
"Foreign relations is still a largely intergovernmental matter, with the 27 states controlling their own relations to a large degree."