Canadian Geography

Home > Area Studies > Canadian Studies > Canadian Geography

The study of the physical, cultural, and economic geography of Canada, including its landforms, rivers, lakes, climate, vegetation, cities, and regions.

Canadian Provinces and Territories: Canada has 10 provinces and 3 territories, each with their own unique geography, history, and culture.
Climate and Weather: Canada has a diverse climate, from the cold, snowy Arctic regions to the warm and humid regions in the south.
Landforms: Canada has a variety of landforms, including mountains, plains, forests, and lakes, that are a result of its location and geological history.
Major Cities: Canada has many large and diverse cities, each with its own distinct culture and attractions.
The Environment: Canada is known for its natural beauty, and has a rich ecosystem that includes animals, plants, and bodies of water.
Indigenous Peoples: Canada has a long history of Indigenous peoples who have lived there for thousands of years and have a unique culture.
Language and Culture: Canada has two official languages, English and French, and is known for its multiculturalism and diverse ethnic communities.
Transportation: Canada has a wide range of transportation options, including highways, rail, air, and waterways.
Economic Activities: Canada is a large exporter of natural resources, such as oil, gas, minerals, and lumber, and has a developed service sector.
International Relations: Canada has global partnerships and is a member of international organizations such as the United Nations, NATO, and the G7.
Physical geography: Focuses on the landforms, rivers, lakes, climate and vegetation of Canada.
Human geography: Studies the spatial variation of human activities and the impact those activities have on the natural and built environment in Canada.
Economic geography: Looks at the different economic activities, industries and interactions between regions in Canada.
Urban geography: Examines the spatial patterns, social and economic structure, and environment of Canadian cities.
Cultural geography: Examines the diversity of cultures in Canada, including indigenous cultures and language landscapes.
Political geography: Studies the distribution and organization of political power and its impact on the physical and human landscape in Canada.
Historical geography: Focuses on the evolution of the natural and human landscape of Canada over time.
Tourism geography: Studies the development and impact of tourism on Canada's natural and human landscape.
Environmental geography: Examines the complex relationship between humans and the natural environment in Canada.
Geomatics: Studies the use of digital mapping technologies and geographic information systems to analyze and interpret spatial data in Canada.
Quote: "By total area (including its waters), Canada is the second-largest country in the world, after Russia."
Quote: "Of Canada's thirteen provinces and territories..."
Quote: "Canada is home to the world's northernmost settlement, Canadian Forces Station Alert..."
Quote: "Canada has the longest coastline in the world, with a total length of 243,042 kilometres (151,019 mi)."
Quote: "Canada can be divided into seven physiographic regions: the Canadian Shield, the interior plains, the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Appalachian region, the Western Cordillera, Hudson Bay Lowlands and the Arctic Archipelago."
Quote: "Canada is also divided into fifteen terrestrial and five marine ecozones, encompassing over 80,000 classified species of life."
Quote: "42 percent of the land acreage of Canada is covered by forests."
Quote: "Canada has over 2,000,000 lakes..."
Quote: "Since the end of the last glacial period, Canada has consisted of eight distinct forest regions, including extensive boreal forest on the Canadian Shield."
Quote: "There are also freshwater glaciers in the Canadian Rockies, the Coast Mountains, and the Arctic Cordillera."
Quote: "A recent global remote sensing analysis also suggested that there were 6,477 km2 of tidal flats in Canada..."
Quote: "making it the 5th ranked country in terms of how much tidal flat occurs there."
Quote: "Canada is geologically active, having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes, notably the Mount Meager massif, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley, and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex."
Quote: "Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada range from Arctic weather in the north, to hot summers in the southern regions, with four distinct seasons."
Quote: "To the southeast, Canada shares a maritime boundary with France's overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon..."
Quote: "Three of Canada's Arctic islands, Baffin Island, Victoria Island, and Ellesmere Island, are among the ten largest in the world."
Quote: "Only two [provinces] are landlocked (Alberta and Saskatchewan)..."
Quote: "Greenland is to the northeast with a shared border on Hans Island."
Quote: "To the north lies the Arctic Ocean."
Quote: "its border with the United States is the world's longest land border, stretching 8,891 kilometres (5,525 mi)."