"Materials science is an interdisciplinary field of researching and discovering materials. Materials engineering is an engineering field of finding uses for materials in other fields and industries."
: Selection and application of materials and manufacturing processes.
Materials Science: The study of the properties and behavior of materials, including their structure, composition, and performance under different conditions.
Manufacturing Processes: The various methods of shaping and assembling materials into finished products, including casting, forging, machining, and welding.
Design for Manufacturing: Techniques for designing products that are easy and cost-effective to produce, including considerations such as material selection, part complexity, and assembly methods.
Materials Selection: The process of choosing the best materials for a particular product or application, based on factors such as strength, durability, corrosion resistance, and cost.
Product Lifecycle Management: The management of a product's entire lifecycle, from concept and design to production, distribution, and end-of-life disposal.
Quality Control: Techniques for ensuring that manufactured products meet specific quality standards, including inspections, testing, and statistical analysis.
Sustainable Materials: Materials that are environmentally friendly, socially responsible, and economically viable, including renewable and recycled materials.
Industrial Processes: The processes involved in the production of consumer goods and industrial products, including assembly line operations, automation, and logistics.
Manufacturing Automation: The use of automated processes and systems to increase efficiency and reduce costs in manufacturing operations.
Product Safety: Techniques for ensuring that products are safe and free from defects, including compliance with regulations and standards, product testing, and risk analysis.
Metals: These are strong and durable materials that are used in a variety of products such as machinery, buildings, and vehicles.
Plastics: Plastics are versatile materials that can be molded into different shapes and sizes. They are widely used in the manufacturing of products like toys, furniture, and electronic devices.
Ceramics: These are materials that are made by heating clay and other natural materials at high temperatures. They are used in the production of products like tiles, dishes, and pottery.
Composites: Composites are materials that are made by combining two or more materials with different properties. They are widely used in the aerospace and automotive industries.
Textiles: These are materials that are made from fibers and typically used for clothing, bedding, and upholstery.
Wood: Wood is a natural material that is widely used in construction and furniture manufacturing.
Glass: This is a brittle and transparent material that is commonly used in the manufacturing of windows, mirrors, and containers.
Rubber: This is a flexible and resilient material that is used in the manufacturing of tires, hoses, and gaskets.
Paper: This is a lightweight material that is commonly used for printing, packaging, and stationery products.
Electronics: The manufacturing and assembly of electronic components and devices, including semiconductors, printed circuit boards, and consumer electronics.
"The intellectual origins of materials science stem from the Age of Enlightenment, when researchers began to use analytical thinking from chemistry, physics, and engineering to understand ancient, phenomenological observations in metallurgy and mineralogy."
"As such, the field was long considered by academic institutions as a sub-field of these related fields."
"Beginning in the 1940s, materials science began to be more widely recognized as a specific and distinct field of science and engineering."
"The understanding of processing-structure-properties relationships is called the materials paradigm."
"This paradigm is used to advance understanding in a variety of research areas, including nanotechnology, biomaterials, and metallurgy."
"Materials science is also an important part of forensic engineering and failure analysis – investigating materials, products, structures, or components, which fail or do not function as intended, causing personal injury or damage to property."
"Such investigations are key to understanding, for example, the causes of various aviation accidents and incidents."
"Materials scientists emphasize understanding how the history of a material (processing) influences its structure, and thus the material's properties and performance."
"Materials science still incorporates elements of physics, chemistry, and engineering."
"Materials engineering is an engineering field of finding uses for materials in other fields and industries."
"Major technical universities around the world created dedicated schools for its study."
"The understanding of processing-structure-properties relationships is called the materials paradigm."
"...research areas, including nanotechnology, biomaterials, and metallurgy."
"...understand ancient, phenomenological observations in metallurgy and mineralogy."
"...investigating materials, products, structures, or components, which fail or do not function as intended, causing personal injury or damage to property."
"...investigating materials, products, structures, or components, which fail or do not function as intended..."
"Beginning in the 1940s, materials science began to be more widely recognized as a specific and distinct field of science and engineering."
"When researchers began to use analytical thinking from chemistry, physics, and engineering to understand ancient, phenomenological observations in metallurgy and mineralogy."
"...incorporates elements of physics, chemistry, and engineering."