"A practitioner in the profession of landscape architecture may be called a landscape architect."
The study of materials and construction techniques used in landscape architecture, such as paving, walls, water features, lighting, irrigation, and planting.
Materials Science: The study of the physical and chemical properties of materials, and how these properties affect their performance and characteristics in various applications.
Construction Methods: The techniques, tools, and processes used to assemble or install building components, such as foundations, walls, roofs, and finishes.
Building Codes and Regulations: The laws and guidelines that govern the design, construction, and maintenance of buildings and structures, with particular attention to safety, accessibility, and environmental impact.
Sustainability and Green Building: The principles and practices of designing and constructing buildings and landscapes with minimal impact on the environment, including the use of renewable resources, energy efficiency, and waste reduction.
Site Analysis and Planning: The assessment of site conditions, including topography, soils, climate, and existing vegetation, and the development of a design strategy that responds to these factors.
Drainage and Irrigation: The management of water resources on a site, including the design of systems to capture, store, and redistribute rainwater, and the provision of irrigation for plants and vegetation.
Hardscaping: The design and installation of non-living features in a landscape, such as paving, walls, stairs, and other structures.
Softscaping: The design and implementation of living elements in a landscape, including the selection and placement of plants, trees, and shrubs.
Lighting: The design and installation of lighting systems to enhance the safety, functionality, and aesthetic appeal of a landscape.
Grading and Earthworks: The manipulation of landform and terrain to achieve specific design objectives, such as drainage, slope stabilization, or aesthetic effect.
"Landscape architecture... to achieve environmental, social-behavioural, or aesthetic outcomes."
"It involves the systematic design and general engineering of various structures for construction and human use, investigation of existing social, ecological, and soil conditions and processes in the landscape, and the design of other interventions that will produce desired outcomes."
"The scope of the profession is broad and can be subdivided into several sub-categories..."
"Professional or licensed landscape architects... are regulated by governmental agencies."
"...possess the expertise to design a wide range of structures and landforms for human use."
"Landscape design which is not a licensed profession."
"...site planning; stormwater management; erosion control; environmental restoration; public realm, parks, recreation and urban planning; visual resource management; green infrastructure planning and provision; and private estate and residence landscape master planning and design."
"...all at varying scales of design, planning and management."
"In jurisdictions where professional licenses are required, it is often only those who possess a landscape architect license who can be called a landscape architect."