"Baroque architecture is a highly decorative and theatrical style which appeared in Italy in the early 17th century..."
This topic explores the major figures and architects associated with Baroque architecture, including Bernini, Borromini, and Guarini.
Baroque Art: Understanding the Baroque style of art can provide historical context and inspiration for architects during this era.
History of Baroque Architecture: A study of the origins of Baroque architecture and how it has evolved over the centuries.
Characteristics of Baroque Architecture: This topic covers the distinct features of Baroque architecture, including ornate decorations, grandeur, and drama.
Baroque Architects: Learning about the lives and works of prominent Baroque architects such as Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Francesco Borromini can provide insight into the era.
Building Materials: Understanding the materials used in Baroque construction, such as marble and stucco, can help in the design process.
Interior Design: The Baroque era is known for its opulent and lavish interiors; studying this aspect can aid in creating an authentic Baroque aesthetic.
Sculpture: Sculpture played a significant role in Baroque architecture; understanding its importance can help architects incorporate it into their designs.
Urban Planning: Baroque architecture had a significant impact on urban planning, with many cities taking on the Baroque style during the era.
Garden Design: Baroque garden design focused on symmetry and grandeur, and studying this aspect can aid architects in creating harmonious designs.
Baroque Music: Baroque music and architecture share similar aesthetic values, and studying the former can inspire architects in their work.
Francesco Borromini: Known for his intricate sense of symmetry and shapes in designing religious structures.
Gian Lorenzo Bernini: An Italian architect, famous for his sculptural art, creating fountains and cathedrals.
Pietro da Cortona: Known for his grand designs, with a focus on decorative details, in the public buildings and churches.
Carlo Maderno: An Italian architect, notable for leading the design of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
Robert de Cotte: One of the leading French Baroque architects, known for his elaborate and grand palaces.
Jules Hardouin-Mansart: Another French Baroque architect, known for his elegant designs in building Versailles Palace and other royal residences.
Francesco Fuga: A leading Italian architect, best known for designing the facade of St. John Lateran in Rome and Palazzo della Consulta in Rome.
Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt: Famous for designing many important palaces, museums, and churches in Austria and Germany.
Johann Balthasar Neumann: A leading German architect, well-known for designing elegant Baroque churches in Southern Germany.
Christopher Wren: A prominent English architect, who designed St. Paul's Cathedral in London, primarily in the Baroque style.
"It was originally introduced by the Catholic Church, particularly by the Jesuits, as a means to combat the Reformation and the Protestant church with a new architecture that inspired surprise and awe."
"It reached its peak in the High Baroque (1625–1675), when it was used in churches and palaces in Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, Bavaria, and Austria."
"Baroque architects took the basic elements of Renaissance architecture, including domes and colonnades, and made them higher, grander, more decorated, and more dramatic."
"Twisted columns were also often used, to give an illusion of upwards motion, and cartouches and other decorative elements occupied every available space."
"Light was also used for dramatic effect; it streamed down from Cupolas, and was reflected from an abundance of gilding."
"The interior effects were often achieved with the use of quadratura, or trompe-l'œil painting combined with sculpture; the eye is drawn upward, giving the illusion that one is looking into the heavens."
"In Baroque palaces, grand stairways became a central element."
"The Early Baroque (1584–1625) was largely dominated by the work of Roman architects, notably the Church of the Gesù by Giacomo della Porta... and the lavish Barberini Palace interiors by Pietro da Cortona."
"In France, the Luxembourg Palace (1615–45) built by Salomon de Brosse for Marie de Medici was an early example of the style."
"The High Baroque (1625–1675) produced major works in Rome by Pietro da Cortona... Francesco Borromini... and Gian Lorenzo Bernini."
"In Venice, High Baroque works included Santa Maria della Salute by Baldassare Longhena. Examples in France included the Pavillon de l’Horloge of the Louvre Palace by Jacques Lemercier..."
"The Late Baroque (1675–1750) saw the style spread to all parts of Europe, and to the colonies of Spain and Portugal in the New World."
"The Late Baroque in France, under Louis XIV, was more ordered and classical."
"Examples included the Hall of Mirrors of the Palace of Versailles and the dome of Les Invalides."
"An especially ornate variant, appeared in the early 18th century; it was first called Rocaille in France; then Rococo in Spain and Central Europe."
"Its most celebrated architect was Balthasar Neumann, noted for the Basilica of the Fourteen Holy Helpers and the Würzburg Residence."
"The Late Baroque (1675–1750) saw the style spread to all parts of Europe, and to the colonies of Spain and Portugal in the New World."
"The sculpted and painted decoration covered every space on the walls and ceiling."
"Its most celebrated architect was Balthasar Neumann, noted for the Basilica of the Fourteen Holy Helpers and the Würzburg Residence." (Note: Each quote corresponds to the respective study question.)