"Political economy is a branch of political science and economics studying economic systems and their governance by political systems."
Analysis of the relationship between politics and economy, and how economic conditions influence political decision making.
Government and State: A study of the structure and functions of a state and its government, including the manner in which authority is exercised and how rules and regulations are enforced.
Political Institutions: An examination of the various institutions that make up a political system, such as parliaments, executive branches, and judiciaries.
Political Ideologies: A survey of different political ideologies, such as liberalism, socialism, conservatism, and feminism.
Political Systems: An examination of the different political systems that exist in the world, such as democracy, communism, authoritarianism, and theocracy.
Globalisation: The phenomenon of globalisation and its impact on the political, economic, and cultural systems of different countries.
Economic Systems: An examination of economic systems, such as capitalism, socialism, and communism, and their role in shaping political systems.
Power and Authority: An investigation of power and authority as concepts, including their sources, types, and effects.
Political and Economic Theory: A study of political and economic theory, including classical and contemporary theories.
International Relations: An examination of the relationships between different countries and the role of international organisations such as the United Nations.
Race and Ethnicity: A study of the social and political implications of race and ethnicity.
Gender and Sexuality: A study of how gender and sexuality shape political and economic systems.
Colonialism and Post-colonialism: An investigation of the impact of colonialism on political and economic systems and how it has shaped post-colonial societies.
Global Development: A survey of different approaches to global development and their effects.
Human Rights: An exploration of the philosophy and practice of human rights, their origins, and their relationship with political and economic systems.
Social Movements: An examination of the role of social movements in shaping political and economic systems.
Classical Political Economy: Refers to the theories of Karl Marx, Adam Smith, and David Ricardo, all of whom sought to explain the relationship between the economy and politics.
Neoclassical Political Economy: A mainstream economic approach that emphasizes supply and demand forces, rational decision-making, and the efficiency of free markets.
Keynesian Political Economy: Named after economist John Maynard Keynes, this approach emphasizes government intervention in the economy to prevent recessions and promote full employment.
Marxist Political Economy: Based on the writings of Karl Marx, this approach seeks to explain how economic class structures shape political systems and social relations.
Feminist Political Economy: Focuses on the intersection of gender and economics, exploring how economic processes and policies affect gender relations and women's experiences.
Postcolonial Political Economy: Focuses on the legacy of colonialism and imperialism, exploring how global economic relations perpetuate inequality and exploitation.
Institutional Political Economy: A multidisciplinary approach that emphasizes the role of institutions, including legal frameworks, in shaping economic outcomes and political power.
Ecological Political Economy: Emphasizes the relationship between the economy and the environment, exploring how economic growth and development can be achieved sustainably.
Global Political Economy: Examines the relationship between economic globalization and politics, exploring issues such as international trade, finance, and development.
Comparative Political Economy: Compares the economic and political systems of different countries, exploring how history, culture, and institutions shape economic outcomes.
"Widely studied phenomena within the discipline are systems such as labour markets and financial markets, as well as phenomena such as growth, distribution, inequality, and trade."
"These economic systems are shaped by institutions, laws, and government policy."
"Political economy originated in the 16th century."
"The earliest works of political economy are usually attributed to the British scholars Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, and David Ricardo."
"The work of the French physiocrats, such as François Quesnay and Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot, preceded the British scholars."
"The term 'economics' gradually began to replace the term 'political economy' in the late 19th century."
"This shift was driven by the increasing consensus of classical liberalism as natural-law, and persisted despite evidence to the contrary during the First World War."
"The term 'economics' usually refers to the narrow study of the economy absent other political and social considerations."
"The term 'political economy' represents a distinct and competing approach that takes into account political and social considerations alongside economic factors."
"Political economy in its modern form is considered an interdisciplinary field, drawing on theory from both political science and modern economics."
"Phenomena such as growth, distribution, inequality, and trade" are areas of interest.
"Economic systems are governed by political systems, including law, institutions, and government."
"The British scholars Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, and David Ricardo played influential roles."
"Political" signifies the Greek word for "polity" and "economy" signifies the Greek word for "household management."
"The rise of mathematical modeling coinciding with the publication of an influential textbook by Alfred Marshall in 1890 contributed to the dominance of 'economics.'"
"William Stanley Jevons advocated economics for brevity and with the hope of the term becoming 'the recognised name of a science.'"
"The term 'economics' refers to the narrow study of the economy, absent other political and social considerations."
"Political economy represents a distinct and competing approach that considers political and social factors alongside economic factors."
"Citation measurement metrics from Google Ngram Viewer indicate that use of the term 'economics' began to overshadow 'political economy' around roughly 1910, becoming the preferred term for the discipline by 1920."