Quote: "Globalization, or globalisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide."
Analyzes the impact of development and globalization on local economies and cultures, as well as the role of international organizations in shaping economic policies.
Economic systems: A study of the different economic systems that exist in society, including capitalism, socialism, and communism.
Markets: This topic involves the analysis of the concept of markets, including the types of markets, their characteristics, and their impact on development and globalization.
Trade, finance, and investment: An exploration of the globalization of trade, finance, and investment, and how they contribute to the development of the economy.
Environmental and social sustainability: This topic involves the analysis of the impact of development and globalization on the environment and society, including the role of government regulation and social movements.
Cultural impacts: Study of the effect of globalization on cultures around the world, including the potential loss of cultural diversity, the emergence of new cultural forms, and the spread of cultural practices.
Migration and labor: An exploration of the relationship between migration, labor, and globalization, including the impact of global economic forces on labor markets and the role of migrants in the global economy.
Development and inequality: This topic involves the sociological analysis of development and inequality in society, including the role of institutions, policies, and cultural factors.
The role of the state: Explore the different roles played by the state in development and globalization, including its regulation, distribution, and welfare functions.
Technology and innovation: This topic focuses on the role of technology in development and globalization, including the impact of innovation on economic growth and employment.
Historical perspectives: A study of the historical context of development and globalization, including the impact of colonialism, World War II, and the postwar Bretton Woods system.
Industrialization: The shift from an agricultural and commercial society to an industrial society is known as industrialization. This is associated with advanced technologies, large-scale production, and formal wage labor.
Economic growth: Economic growth refers to the increase in the production of goods and services in an economy over time. It is usually measured by gross domestic product (GDP). Economic growth is often seen as a sign of development.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): FDI refers to an investment made by a firm or individual in one country into a business in another country. FDI is a common way for companies to expand globally, acquire new markets, and lower production costs.
Neoliberalism: Neoliberalism is an economic philosophy that emphasizes the importance of free markets and limited government intervention in the economy. This is often associated with policies such as deregulation, privatization, and austerity.
Globalization: Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness of economies and societies around the world. It involves the increasing flow of goods, services, people, and ideas across borders.
Structural adjustment programs: Structural adjustment programs (SAPs) are a set of policies imposed by the International Monetary Fund and World Bank on developing countries in exchange for financial assistance. SAPs typically involve measures to reduce government spending, promote free trade, and privatize state-owned enterprises.
Informal economy: The informal economy includes economic activities that are not subject to government regulation or taxation, such as street vending or home-based production. The informal economy is often more prevalent in developing countries, where formal job opportunities may be limited.
Microfinance: Microfinance involves the provision of small loans and other financial services to low-income individuals and small businesses in developing countries. Microfinance programs aim to increase access to credit and promote economic development.
Eco-tourism: Eco-tourism involves tourism that is designed to minimize negative environmental impacts and maximize positive social and economic benefits for local communities. Eco-tourism is often seen as a more sustainable and equitable form of tourism.
Social entrepreneurship: Social entrepreneurship involves the use of business principles and strategies to solve social problems. Social entrepreneurs may focus on areas such as poverty reduction, environmental sustainability, or improving access to education or healthcare.
Quote: "The term globalization first appeared in the early 20th century... and came into popular use in the 1990s to describe the unprecedented international connectivity of the post-Cold War world."
Quote: "Advances in transportation, like the steam locomotive, steamship, jet engine, and container ships, and developments in telecommunication infrastructure such as the telegraph, the Internet, mobile phones, and smartphones, have been major factors in globalization."
Quote: "Globalization is primarily an economic process of interaction and integration that is associated with social and cultural aspects."
Quote: "This increase in global interactions has caused a growth in international trade and the exchange of ideas, beliefs, and culture."
Quote: "However, disputes and international diplomacy are also large parts of the history of globalization and of modern globalization."
Quote: "Large-scale globalization began in the 1820s, and in the late 19th century and early 20th century drove a rapid expansion in the connectivity of the world's economies and cultures."
Quote: "In 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization: trade and transactions, capital and investment movements, migration and movement of people, and the dissemination of knowledge."
Quote: "Globalizing processes affect and are affected by business and work organization."
Quote: "Academic literature commonly divides globalization into three major areas: economic globalization, cultural globalization, and political globalization."
Quote: "Removal of cross-border trade barriers has made the formation of global markets more feasible."
Quote: "Though many scholars place the origins of globalization in modern times, others trace its history to long before the European Age of Discovery and voyages to the New World, and some even to the third millennium BCE."
Quote: "Advances in transportation and developments in telecommunication infrastructure have been major factors in globalization and have generated further interdependence of economic and cultural activities around the globe."
Quote: "The term global city was subsequently popularized by sociologist Saskia Sassen in her work The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo (1991)."
Quote: "Globalizing processes affect and are affected by... sociocultural resources."
Quote: "Economically, globalization involves goods, services, data, technology, and the economic resources of capital."
Quote: "Globalizing processes affect and are affected by... migration and movement of people."
Quote: "Its origins can be traced back to 18th and 19th centuries due to advances in transportation and communications technology."
Quote: "In 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization..."
Quote: "The expansion of global markets liberalizes the economic activities of the exchange of goods and funds."