Quote: "It was established as in anthropological research by Franz Boas in the first few decades of the 20th century and later popularized by his students."
Cultural relativism is the principle that an individual’s beliefs and activities should be understood and interpreted in the context of their own culture and not judged from the standpoint of another culture.
Ethnocentrism: Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture or ethnicity is superior to others. It often leads to a lack of understanding and empathy for other cultures, which is essential to comprehending cultural relativism.
Cultural Norms: Cultural norms refer to the unwritten and often unspoken rules of behavior and social expectations within a specific culture. Cultural relativism asserts that these norms can be understood only in the context of the society in which they exist.
Cultural Relativism: Cultural relativism is the view that cultural beliefs and customs should be understood and evaluated within their own cultural context rather than through the lens of one's own culture or values.
Cultural Anthropology: Cultural anthropology is the study of human cultures, past and present, and seeks to understand why societies differ and what factors contribute to these differences.
Development Anthropology: Development anthropology is an approach to understanding the socio-cultural factors that contribute to economic and social development, especially in non-Western societies.
Cultural Diversity: Cultural diversity refers to the existence of multiple and diverse cultures within a given society.
Ethnography: Ethnography is a qualitative research method that involves observing and documenting cultural practices and beliefs within a specific society.
Social Constructionism: Social constructionism is the idea that the social and cultural context plays a significant role in shaping human perception and understanding of reality.
Globalization: Globalization refers to the interconnectedness and interdependence of various cultures, economies, and societies around the world.
Post-colonialism: Post-colonialism refers to the study of the cultural and social effects of colonialism and its ongoing impact on formerly colonized societies.
Cultural Hegemony: Cultural hegemony refers to the dominant cultural values, beliefs, and practices that perpetuate the power and authority of dominant groups in society.
Identity Politics: Identity politics is the idea that social and political identity plays a significant role in shaping one's experiences and interactions within society.
Intersectionality: Intersectionality is the idea that diverse social categories, such as race, gender, sexuality, and class, intersect and interact with each other in complex ways, affecting one's experiences and opportunities within society.
Cultural Appropriation: Cultural appropriation refers to the adoption of elements of one culture by another, often without regard for the cultural significance or context of the borrowed elements.
Human Rights: Human rights refer to the fundamental rights and freedoms that are universally recognized and protected by law. Cultural relativism asserts that these rights cannot be understood or evaluated outside of their cultural context.
Ethnocentrism: This is the opposite of cultural relativism. It is the belief that one's own culture is superior to other cultures. This can lead to prejudice and discrimination against people from other cultures.
Cultural relativism as a moral principle: This type of cultural relativism asserts that there are no universal moral standards that can be applied to all cultures. Each culture has its own moral code, and it is not appropriate to judge another culture's morality by one's own standards.
Cultural relativism as a methodological principle: This type of cultural relativism emphasizes the importance of understanding cultures on their own terms. Anthropologists must suspend their own cultural biases and assumptions in order to understand the beliefs, values, and practices of other cultures.
Cultural relativism as a political principle: This type of cultural relativism asserts that different cultures should be allowed to develop and maintain their own distinct political systems. It is not appropriate for one culture to impose its political system on another culture.
Cultural relativism and human rights: This type of cultural relativism asserts that there are no universal human rights that can be applied to all cultures. Each culture has its own norms and values, and it is not appropriate to impose human rights standards on other cultures.
Postmodern cultural relativism: This type of cultural relativism is often associated with postmodernism, which emphasizes the importance of deconstructing dominant narratives and challenging power structures. Postmodern cultural relativism asserts that there are no objective truths or universal values, and that all knowledge is relative to one's own cultural context.
Quote: "Cultural relativism is the idea that a person's beliefs and practices should be understood based on that person's own culture."
Quote: "Proponents of cultural relativism also tend to argue that the norms and values of one culture should not be evaluated using the norms and values of another."
Quote: "Boas first articulated the idea [of cultural relativism] in 1887."
Quote: "The first use of the term [cultural relativism] recorded in the Oxford English Dictionary was by philosopher and social theorist Alain Locke in 1924."
Quote: "The term [cultural relativism] was used to describe Robert Lowie's 'extreme cultural relativism', found in the latter's 1917 book Culture and Ethnology."
Quote: "The term became common among anthropologists after Boas' death in 1942."
Quote: "Boas believed that the sweep of cultures, to be found in connection with any subspecies, is so vast and pervasive that there cannot be a relationship between culture and race."
Quote: "Cultural relativism involves specific epistemological and methodological claims."
Quote: "Whether or not these claims necessitate a specific ethical stance is a matter of debate."
Quote: "The popularization of cultural relativism after World War II was somehow a reaction to such historical events as Nazism, and to colonialism, ethnocentrism, and racism more generally."
Quote: "Boas first articulated the idea in 1887: 'civilization is not something absolute, but ... is relative, and ... our ideas and conceptions are true only so far as our civilization goes'."
Quote: "Boas first articulated the idea in 1887: 'civilization is not something absolute, but ... is relative, and ... our ideas and conceptions are true only so far as our civilization goes'."
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Quote: "The popularization of cultural relativism after World War II was somehow a reaction to such historical events as [...] colonialism, ethnocentrism, and racism more generally."
Quote: None directly stated.
Quote: None directly stated.
Quote: "Whether or not these claims necessitate a specific ethical stance is a matter of debate."
Quote: "The popularization of cultural relativism after World War II was somehow a reaction to... ethnocentrism and racism more generally."
Quote: None directly stated.