"Theorizing about the evolutionary origin and possible purpose of emotion dates back to Charles Darwin."
The complex psychological state that involves a subjective experience, physiological arousal, and behavioral expression.
Affective neuroscience: The study of the neural processes involved in emotion, including the role of different brain regions and neurotransmitters.
Developmental psychology: The study of how emotions develop over time, including the role of parents, peers, and socialization.
Cultural anthropology: The study of how emotions are expressed and experienced across different cultures, including cultural norms and values.
Cognitive psychology: The study of the cognitive processes involved in emotions, including attention, perception, appraisal, and memory.
Evolutionary psychology: The study of how emotions have evolved over time, including the adaptive function of emotions.
Social psychology: The study of the social context in which emotions occur, including social influences and relationships.
Positive psychology: The study of positive emotions and their role in well-being, including topics such as gratitude, resilience, and emotional regulation.
Psychopathology: The study of emotional disorders, including depression, anxiety, and personality disorders.
Emotional intelligence: The ability to recognize, understand, and regulate emotions in oneself and others, including the role of empathy and social skills.
Neuropsychology: The study of how brain injuries and diseases can affect emotions, including topics such as traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease.
Joy/Happiness: A state of positive emotional response typically associated with contentment, pleasure, and delight.
Sadness: A state of negative emotional response typically associated with feelings of sorrow, grief, and loneliness.
Anger: A state of strong negative emotional reaction usually associated with feelings of annoyance, irritation, frustration, and rage.
Fear: A state of negative emotional response typically associated with feelings of anxiety, apprehension, and anticipation of danger.
Disgust: A state of negative emotional response typically associated with feelings of aversion, revulsion, and repulsion.
Surprise: A state of positive emotional reaction typically associated with unexpected events, situations or information.
Love: A state of strong positive emotional reaction characterized by deep affection, admiration or devotion towards someone.
Envy: A state of negative emotional response typically associated with feelings of jealousy, resentment, and coveting what others have.
Guilt: A state of negative emotional response typically associated with feelings of responsibility or remorse for a past action.
Shame: A state of negative emotional response typically associated with feelings of disgrace, humiliation, and embarrassment.
Excitement: A state of positive emotional response typically associated with increased anticipation, arousal, and engagement.
Hope: A state of positive emotional response, characterized by a belief in a positive outcome or a better future.
Pride: A state of positive emotional response associated with achievements, successes, and accomplishments.
Contempt: A state of negative emotional response typically associated with feelings of disrespect, disdain, and scorn towards people, places, or ideas.
Curiosity: A state of positive emotional response typically associated with a desire to learn or explore something new.
"Research on emotion has increased over the past two decades, with many fields contributing, including psychology, medicine, history, sociology of emotions, and computer science."
"There is no scientific consensus on a definition."
"Emotions are complex, involving multiple different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior."
"At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instrumental behavior, psychophysiologists with physiological changes, and so on."
"In psychology and philosophy, emotion typically includes a subjective, conscious experience characterized primarily by psychophysiological expressions, biological reactions, and mental states."
"Peggy Thoits described emotions as involving physiological components, cultural or emotional labels (anger, surprise, etc.), expressive body actions, and the appraisal of situations and contexts."
"Cognitive processes, like reasoning and decision-making, are often regarded as separate from emotional processes, making a division between 'thinking' and 'feeling'. However, not all theories of emotion regard this separation as valid."
"Nowadays, most research into emotions in the clinical and well-being context focuses on emotion dynamics in daily life, predominantly the intensity of specific emotions and their variability, instability, inertia, and differentiation."
"Using tools like PET and fMRI scans to study the affective picture processes in the brain."
"Theorizing about the evolutionary origin and possible purpose of emotion dates back to Charles Darwin."
"The numerous attempts to explain the origin, function, and other aspects of emotions have fostered intense research on this topic."
"...psychology, medicine, history, sociology of emotions, and computer science."
"...the intensity of specific emotions and their variability, instability, inertia, and differentiation..."
"Emotions are often intertwined with mood, temperament, personality, disposition, or creativity."
"A similar multi-componential description of emotion is found in sociology."
"...subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior."
"...whether and how emotions augment or blunt each other over time and differences in these dynamics between people and along the lifespan."
"Research on emotion has increased over the past two decades..."
"Research on emotion has increased over the past two decades, with many fields contributing, including... computer science. The numerous attempts to explain the origin, function, and other aspects of emotions have fostered intense research on this topic."