"Colonialism is a practice by which a country controls people or areas, often by establishing colonies, generally for strategic and economic advancement."
The historical and ongoing process by which powerful nations dominate and control less powerful ones for economic, political, and cultural gain.
Colonization: Refers to the process of taking control of a particular territory or region by an outside group, typically involving economic or political domination.
Imperialism: An ideology or practice that supports the expansion of a nation's power or influence by establishing colonies, acquiring new territories, and spreading cultural dominance.
Eurocentrism: The idea that Europe is the center of the world and that European culture, history, and values represent the norm for all societies.
Orientalism: A set of stereotypes and assumptions about the cultures and peoples of the Middle East, South Asia, and East Asia, often shaped by European colonialism.
Decolonization: The process of reclaiming independence and self-determination from colonial powers through political, economic, and cultural means.
Indigenous Knowledge Systems: The traditional knowledge and practices of indigenous communities, which are often marginalized or suppressed by colonial rule.
Cultural Hybridity: The mixing and blending of cultures that occurs when different societies come into contact with each other, often resulting in new cultural forms.
Postcolonial Theory: A critical perspective that focuses on the cultural, social, and political legacy of colonialism, and how it continues to shape contemporary societies.
Neo-Colonialism: The use of economic, political, and cultural power by former colonial powers to maintain control over their former colonies and other dependent societies.
Gender and Colonialism: The study of how colonialism has affected gender relationships and gender roles in different societies, and the ways in which gender has been used to justify and perpetuate colonial domination.
Settler Colonialism: This type of colonialism involves the settlement of people from the colonizing country in the colonies. Settlers often claim land for themselves and displace Indigenous populations.
Plantation Colonialism: This is a type of economic colonialism that focuses on the establishment of large plantations owned and operated by the colonizers. Slavery or indentured servitude played a significant role in this type of colonialism.
Extractive Colonialism: This type of colonialism focuses on the extraction of resources from the colonized country, such as natural resources or labor, with little investment in developing the colony.
Informal Colonialism: This type of colonialism involves indirect control, as opposed to the direct control exerted by formal colonies, over the resources and politics of a country.
Neocolonialism: This is a term that is frequently used to describe the continued economic and political domination of former colonies by their former colonizers or other powerful nations. This is often accomplished through economic and political coercion.
Internal Colonialism: This type of colonialism takes place within a larger country and involves the subjugation of minority groups or regions within the country by the dominant group.
Cultural Colonialism: This type of colonialism involves the imposition of the dominant culture of the colonizing country on the colonized people, leading to cultural erosion and loss of traditional practices.
Military Colonialism: This type of colonialism involves the use of military force to establish or maintain control over a colony.
Diplomatic Colonialism: This type of colonialism involves the establishment of political and economic treaties that give the colonizing country significant control over the political and economic affairs of the colony.
Settler-Native Relations or Indigenization: This type of colonialism focuses on the complex interactions that take place between settlers and Indigenous populations in areas of colonialism.
"Colonialism is etymologically rooted in the Latin word 'Colonus', which was used to describe tenant farmers in the Roman Empire."
"Colonialism has existed since ancient times."
"The concept is most strongly associated with the European and Japanese empires."
"Starting in the 15th century and extending to the mid-1900s."
"At first, conquest followed policies of mercantilism, aiming to strengthen the home-country economy."
"Agreements usually restricted the colony to trading only with the metropole (mother country)."
"By the mid-19th century."
"Missionaries were active in practically all of the European-controlled colonies because the metropoles were Christian."
"Historian Philip Hoffman calculated that by 1800, before the Industrial Revolution, Europeans already controlled at least 35% of the globe."
"By 1914, they had gained control of 84% of the globe."
"Colonial powers retreated between 1945 and 1975; over which time nearly all colonies gained independence, entering into changed colonial, so-called postcolonial and neocolonialist relations."
"The coloni sharecroppers started as tenants of landlords, but the system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
"The system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
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