A law that states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
Electrical Circuits: Circuits that carry electrical energy from a power source to a device or appliance.
Current: The flow of electric charge through a conductor.
Voltage: The potential difference between two points in an electrical circuit that drives the flow of electric charge.
Resistance: The measure of opposition to the flow of electric charge in a conductor.
Conductivity: The conductive property of a material that determines its ability to allow the flow of electric current.
Power: The rate at which electrical energy is delivered or consumed by a device.
Series circuits: Circuits where each component is connected end to end in a single path so that the same current flows through each component.
Parallel circuits: Circuits where each component is connected across the same two points so that the same voltage is applied to each component and the total circuit current is the sum of the individual currents flowing through each component.
Kirchhoff’s laws: Laws that describe the conservation of charge and energy in electrical circuits.
Joule's law: A law that states the relationship between power dissipated in a conductor, the current flowing through the conductor, and the resistance of the conductor.
Capacitors: Electronic components that store electrical charge and release it later.
Inductors: Electronic components that store energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through a wire coil.
Transistors: Electronic switches that control the flow of electrical current.
Diodes: Electronic components that allow current to flow in only one direction.
Voltage Law: This law is also known as Kirchhoff's Voltage Law and states that the total sum of voltage drops is equal to the total voltage applied in any closed loop of a circuit.
Current Law: Also known as Kirchhoff's Current Law, this law states that the total sum of currents entering a junction is equal to the total sum of currents leaving the junction in any closed circuit.
Power Law: This law states that power is equal to the product of voltage and current, or P=IV.
Conductance Law: This law is the reciprocal of resistance and is measured in siemens (S). It states that conductance is equal to the current flowing per unit of voltage applied.
Resistivity Law: This law states that the resistance of a conductor is directly proportional to its length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area.
Temperature Law: This law states that the resistance of a conductor increases as the temperature increases, and vice versa.
Non-Ohmic Law: This law is also known as the non-linear Ohm's Law and applies to materials whose resistance is not constant, but changes in response to the applied voltage or current.
Thermal Equilibrium Law: This law states that when a resistor is connected to a voltage source, it will reach a thermal equilibrium state where the heat generated by the resistor is equal to the heat dissipated.