A series of conflicts between England and France, characterized by battles over territory and control of trade routes.
Causes: Examination of the factors that led to the start of the Hundred Years' War, including territorial disputes, economic rivalries, and dynastic claims.
The Black Death: The impact of the bubonic plague on European societies during the 14th century, which affected the course of the Hundred Years' War.
Battle of Crecy: First major battle of the Hundred Years' War in 1346, where the English army, led by Edward III, won a decisive victory over the French.
Battle of Agincourt: A famous English victory in 1415, led by Henry V, against a numerically superior French army.
Joan of Arc: A teenage girl who claimed to have received divine visions, and played a crucial role in the French victory at Orleans in 1429.
Siege of Orleans: The turning point of the Hundred Years' War in 1429, where the French, with the help of Joan of Arc, were able to lift the English siege of Orleans.
Castles and Siege Warfare: The importance of castles and siege warfare during the Middle Ages, which played a major role in the Hundred Years' War.
Longbowmen: The use of the longbow by English archers, which gave them a significant advantage in battles.
Treaty of Troyes: In 1420, the English and French signed a treaty that recognized Henry V as the heir to the French throne, but which was later overturned.
Legacy: The impact of the Hundred Years' War on Europe, including changes to military strategies, the development of nationalism, and shifts in the balance of power between France and England.
Edwardian War: It was fought from 1337 to 1360 between England and France over the English claim to the French throne.
Caroline War: This was fought between England and Castile from 1366 to 1369.
Guerre de Bretagne: It was fought between France and England over the control of Brittany from 1341 to 1364.
Castilian Civil War: This was fought in 1366 between the forces of Pedro of Castile and Henry of Trastamara.
Great War: This was the main conflict between England and France, fought from 1337 to 1453 over various disputes and claims to territory, including the English claim to the French throne.
Armagnac-Burgundian Civil War: This was a series of conflicts fought between the Armagnacs and Burgundians in France from 1410 to 1435, during which the English played a major role.
War of the Two Peters: This was a conflict between Castile and Aragon from 1356 to 1375 over the succession of the Crown of Aragon.
War of the Breton Succession: This was fought from 1341 to 1364 between the House of Blois and the House of Montfort over the Duchy of Brittany.
War of the League of Cambrai: This was a conflict fought between the Holy Roman Empire, France, and other European nations against Venice from 1508 to 1516.