"Keynesian economics ( KAYN-zee-ən; sometimes Keynesianism, named after British economist John Maynard Keynes)"
Economic thought that focuses on the role of government intervention in the economy, particularly during times of recession or depression. It is associated with the writings of John Maynard Keynes.
"In the Keynesian view, aggregate demand does not necessarily equal the productive capacity of the economy. Instead, it is influenced by a host of factors – sometimes behaving erratically – affecting production, employment, and inflation."
"Keynesian economists generally argue that aggregate demand is volatile and unstable."
"Keynesian economists generally argue that aggregate demand is volatile and unstable and that, consequently, a market economy often experiences inefficient macroeconomic outcomes – a recession when demand is low, or inflation when demand is high."
"They argue that these economic fluctuations can be mitigated by economic policy responses coordinated between government and central bank."
"In particular, fiscal policy actions (taken by the government) and monetary policy actions (taken by the central bank) can help stabilize economic output, inflation, and unemployment over the business cycle."
"Keynesian economists generally advocate a regulated market economy – predominantly private sector but with an active role for government intervention during recessions and depressions."
"Keynesian economics developed during and after the Great Depression from the ideas presented by Keynes in his 1936 book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money."
"Keynes' approach was a stark contrast to the aggregate supply-focused classical economics that preceded his book."
"Keynesian economics, as part of the neoclassical synthesis, served as the standard macroeconomic model in the developed nations during the later part of the Great Depression, World War II, and the post-war economic expansion (1945–1973)."
"It was developed in part to attempt to explain the Great Depression and to help economists understand future crises."
"It lost some influence following the oil shock and resulting stagflation of the 1970s."
"Keynesian economics was later redeveloped as New Keynesian economics, becoming part of the contemporary new neoclassical synthesis."
"The advent of the financial crisis of 2007–2008 sparked renewed interest in Keynesian policies by governments around the world."